Harappan Sites - An Introduction

Here I m going to give some brief details on various important Harapan Sites.

1.      Harappa :- It is situated in the Montgomery district of the Punjab in Pakistan on the bank of river Ravi. It had a citadel and as many as six granaries within it.

2.     Mohenjo-daro :- It is situated in the Larkana district of Sindh in Pakistan on the bank of the Indus. It was first discovered in 1922. Apart from citadel; the  most important public place here seems to be the Great Bath. It is suggested that the Great Bath served ritual bathing. The largest building at Mohenjodaro is granary. We find here evidence of horse from superficial level.

3.      Kalibangan :- It is situated in Ganganagar district in Rajasthan on the Ghaggar. Here we find traces of furrows in the pre-Harappan phase which show that the fields were ploughed in Rajasthan in Harappan period.

4.      Ropar :- It is situated in the district of the same name in Punjab on the bank of river Sutluj. Here we find traces of both Harappan and post-Harappan culture.

5.      Lothal :- It is situated on the Bhogava (Limrikobhogawo) in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat. The most striking feature is the discovery of an ancient dockyard here, connected through the Bhogava river with the Gulf of Cambay. The devolution of Harappan culture at Lothal lends support to the view that the civilization as a whole did not meet with a sudden and violent end. We find a doubtful terracotta figurine of horse.

6.   Rangpur :- It is situated on Jhalwar district of Gujarat. Traces of pre-Harappan culture have been noticed. Here we fiond no seal or the image of the mother Goddess.

7.      Surkotada :-It is situated in the Kutch district of Gujarat. The remains of the horse have been reported from here and belong to around 2000 B.C.

8.      Alamgirpur :- It is situated on the Hindon in Merrut district of Uttar Pradesh. It is the eastern-most known limit of the Harappan culture. The site represents the last phase of this culture.  

9.      Banwali :- It is situated in Hissar district of Haryana. Here we find traces of both Harappan and pre-Harappan cultures. A good quantity of barely has been discovered here.

10.  Chanhudaro :-It is situated 80 miles south of Mohenjo-daro in Sindh province of Pakistan. Here we find the traces of both Harappan and pre-Harappan cultures. It was a great centre of seal-making, bead-making and bone-working.

11.  Kot-Diji :- It is also situated in Sindh in Pakistan. Here we find pre-Harappan culture pre-dominantly using stone tools.

12.  Sutkagendor :- It is the western-most known limit of this culture and is situated in southern Baluchistan.